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Views: 96 Author: Site Editor Publish Time: 2025-09-29 Origin: Site
I. 375-450nm (UV-Blue-Violet Band): Photosensitizer Activation and Targeted Pigment Therapy
Lasers in this band are easily absorbed by photosensitizers and epidermal pigments, making them ideal for photodynamic therapy (PDT) and superficial pigmented disorders, especially for treating superficial skin and mucosal lesions.
| Application Scenario | Core Wavelength | Working Principle | Advantages & Effects |
|---|---|---|---|
| Photodynamic Therapy (PDT) for Skin Cancer/Cancerous Lesions (e.g., basal cell carcinoma, actinic keratosis) | 375-410nm (UV), 445-450nm (blue-violet) | 1. First, apply or inject a "photosensitizer" (e.g., 5-aminolevulinic acid, ALA) to the patient. The photosensitizer accumulates specifically in diseased cells.2. Lasers in this band penetrate the epidermis (depth: 0.1-0.3mm) to accurately activate the photosensitizer, generating "singlet oxygen" that oxidizes and destroys diseased cells (normal cells have low photosensitizer content and remain unharmed). | Non-invasive, no surgical resection required; no scarring after treatment, suitable for lesions on exposed areas (e.g., face, neck); highly effective for multiple, superficial lesions (e.g., full-face actinic keratosis). |
| Superficial Pigment Removal (e.g., freckles, sunspots, blue/purple tattoo ink removal) | 405-450nm (blue-violet) | Blue-violet light is selectively absorbed by melanin in the superficial epidermis (freckles, sunspots) or blue/purple tattoo ink. Pigment particles absorb energy, break down into small molecules, and are excreted through skin metabolism. Due to its shallow penetration, it does not damage the dermis. | Only acts on epidermal pigments, avoiding dermal damage that may occur with traditional lasers (e.g., 532nm); short recovery period (3-7 days) after treatment, with low risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation. |
| Acne Treatment (inflammatory acne) | 405-420nm (violet) | Violet light is absorbed by "porphyrins" (metabolic products of Propionibacterium acnes). This activation generates bactericidal substances (e.g., singlet oxygen) to kill P. acnes, while also exerting a mild anti-inflammatory effect to reduce acne redness and swelling. | No risk of antibiotic resistance; gentle and non-irritating, suitable for acne patients with sensitive skin; can be combined with red light therapy for both bactericidal and skin-repair effects. |
Lasers in this band have high absorption rates for hemoglobin (blood vessels) and deep melanin, with moderate penetration depth (0.3-2mm). They are mainly used for vascular disorders, deep pigment therapy, and ophthalmic fundus repair.
Application Scenarios: Facial telangiectasia (spider veins), port-wine stains, strawberry hemangiomas (in infants).
Working Principle:
520-532nm (green light): Efficiently absorbed by "oxygenated hemoglobin" in blood vessels. Hemoglobin absorbs energy, coagulates, and occludes abnormal capillaries. With a shallow penetration depth (approximately 0.5mm), it is suitable for superficial telangiectasia.
585-595nm (yellow light): Penetrates up to 1-2mm, targeting abnormal blood vessels in the dermis (e.g., deep-seated port-wine stains). It coagulates blood vessels while activating dermal collagen regeneration to prevent skin atrophy.
Advantages: Precisely occludes blood vessels without damaging surrounding skin; safe for treating infant hemangiomas without general anesthesia, with low risk of post-treatment scarring.
Application Scenarios: Ota nevus (deep pigment around the eyes), acquired bilateral nevus of Ota-like macules (ABNOM), removal of black/brown tattoo ink.
Working Principle:
520-532nm (green light): Absorbed by melanin, transferring energy to deep pigment particles in the dermis. Pigment particles break down into small molecules and are excreted via lymphatic metabolism, making it suitable for black and brown pigments.
650-670nm (red light): Penetrates up to 2mm, acting on deeper pigment clusters (e.g., dermal superficial pigment in Ota nevus). It reduces epidermal damage and lowers the risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation.
Effects: More thorough removal of deep pigments compared to shorter-wavelength lasers; requires fewer treatment sessions (3-5 times) than traditional lasers.
Application Scenarios: Fundus hemorrhage/edema caused by diabetic retinopathy (DR) and retinal vein occlusion (RVO).
Working Principle: 630-670nm red light has strong penetration, passing through the cornea and lens to reach the retinal fundus. Energy acts on abnormal retinal blood vessels or leakage points, coagulating and occluding blood vessels (preventing further hemorrhage) and promoting edema absorption. It causes minimal damage to the macula (the light-sensitive area of vision).
Advantages: Non-invasive, avoiding the risks of fundus surgery; precise energy control allows fractional treatment to protect retinal function.
Application Scenarios: General surgery (hepatic, biliary, and gastrointestinal surgeries), urology (benign prostatic hyperplasia), gynecology (cervical lesion resection).
Working Principle:
980nm (NIR light): Has a high absorption rate for water. Guided by optical fibers to the surgical site, laser energy instantly vaporizes tissue water to achieve "cutting." Simultaneously, high temperatures coagulate blood vessel walls, quickly sealing blood vessels with a diameter <2mm (enabling simultaneous cutting and hemostasis).
810nm (NIR light): Has a slightly shallower penetration depth (approximately 2mm), suitable for precise tissue cutting (e.g., gastrointestinal anastomosis, cervical polyp resection). Its heat-affected zone is only 0.1-0.3mm, reducing post-operative adhesions.
Advantages: No electrical current passes through the human body (avoiding electrical damage from electrosurgical knives); minimally invasive (fiber diameter: 0.3-1mm), suitable for laparoscopic surgeries (e.g., laparoscopic liver tumor resection); minimal post-operative bleeding and fast recovery.
Application Scenarios: Dental caries removal, periodontal disease treatment, auxiliary teeth whitening.
Dental Caries Removal: 980nm laser is absorbed by water in carious tissue, vaporizing and removing decayed tooth structure (soft and high in water content) while leaving healthy enamel (low in water content) undamaged. No mechanical drilling is needed, eliminating vibration and pain.
Periodontal Disease Treatment: 810nm laser penetrates the superficial gingiva (depth: ~1mm) to kill anaerobic bacteria in periodontal pockets, coagulate tiny blood vessels (reducing gingival bleeding), and break down dental calculus (avoiding mechanical damage from traditional scaling), lowering the recurrence rate.
Auxiliary Teeth Whitening: 980nm laser gently heats whitening agents (e.g., hydrogen peroxide) on the tooth surface, accelerating oxidant decomposition and promoting the removal of pigment (e.g., tobacco stains, tea stains). It is less irritating to tooth enamel than blue-violet light.
Application Scenarios: Liver cancer, lung cancer, thyroid nodules (small, inoperable tumors with a diameter <3cm).
Working Principle: An optical fiber catheter is inserted into the tumor via percutaneous puncture. The 980nm laser emits high-power energy (10-30W), which is converted into heat in the tumor tissue. Local temperature rises to 60-100℃, causing coagulative necrosis of tumor cells. The laser’s thermal effect also seals blood vessels around the tumor, preventing metastasis.
Advantages: Minimally invasive (only a 2-3mm puncture hole is required), suitable for elderly and frail patients; short post-operative hospital stay (3-5 days) and fewer complications (e.g., lower risk of bleeding and infection compared to surgery).
375-450nm: Focuses on "superficial lesions" (epidermal pigment, pre-cancerous skin lesions), relying on photosensitizer activation or superficial pigment absorption.
532-670nm: Targets "mid-deep lesions" (dermal blood vessels, retinal fundus), depending on hemoglobin or deep pigment absorption.
780-980nm: Enables "deep-tissue procedures" (surgical cutting, tumor ablation, deep dental therapy), leveraging tissue water absorption to balance penetration depth and energy efficiency.
These lasers find applications across multiple medical departments, with the core goals of minimally invasive treatment, precision, and low tissue damage. They are particularly suitable for patients with low tolerance to traditional surgery (e.g., infants, the elderly) and represent a core technology in the field of medical lasers today.
BU-LASER provides fiber-coupled laser modules with multiple specification choices(375nm- 980nm, 1mW-200W output power, different fibers, and dimensions) to better meet customers’ needs of LDI laser/CTS laser/Medical treatment laser. To know more, please get in touch with us at song@bu-laser.com.
